Determination of Patulin Using Amperometric Tyrosinase Biosensors Based on Electrodes Modified with Carbon Nanotubes and Gold Nanoparticles

R.M. Varlamova*, E.P. Medyantseva**, R.R. Hamidullina, H.C. Budnikov***

Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia

E-mail: *Regina.Varlamova@kpfu.ru, **Elvina.Medyantseva@kpfu.ru, ***Herman.Budnikov@kpfu.ru

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Abstract

New amperometric biosensors based on platinum screen printed electrodes modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, and immobilized enzyme – tyrosinase have been developed for determination of patulin in the concentrations of 110–6 – 810–12 mol/L with an error of no more than 0.063. The best conditions for obtaining gold nanoparticles have been chosen. The conditions for     immobilization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles on the surface of the planar electrode have been revealed. The conditions for functioning of the proposed biosensors have been identified. The results have been used to control the content of patulin in food products within and lower than the maximum allowable levels.

Keywords: mycotoxins, amperometric biosensor, tyrosinase, patulin, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, food products

Figure Captions

Fig. 1. The cyclic voltamperogram of the products of fermentation of the tyrosinase substrate – phenol in the presence of the tyrosinase biosensor. Phenol concentration 110–3 mol/L, background electrolyte – phosphate buffer saline with рН 7.0.

Fig. 2. Voltamperograms showing the oxidization of phenol and hydrogen peroxide on the tyrosinase biosensor in the absence (2) and in the presence (1) of patulin, cн = 110–6 mol/L (3), phosphate buffer saline with рН 7.0.

Fig. 3. Absorption spectra of Au NP in the chitosan solution: 1) λ 545 nm – pink, 2) λ 540 nm – claret.

Fig. 4. Images in the topography regime in 2D projections of the modified electrode surface: а) Au NP in K3Cit, b) Au NP in chitosan, 1.2×1.2 μm.

Fig. 5. Images in the regime of 3D projections of the modified electrode surface: a) Au NP in K3Cit, b) Au NP in chitosan, 1.2×1.2 μm.

Fig. 6. The dependence of the analytical signal (current) on the number of Au NP applied to the working surface of the electrode.

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For citation: Varlamova R.M., Medyantseva E.P., Hamidullina R.R., Budnikov H.C. Determination of patulin using amperometric tyrosinase biosensors based on electrodes modified with carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki, 2016, vol. 158, no. 3, pp. 351–368. (In Russian)

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