On the semantic development of the word in modern Russian language

G.K. Kasimova

Branch of A.V. Khrulev Military Logistics Academy in Penza, Penza-5, 440005 Russia

E-mail: zuhra_kasimova@mail.ru

Received December 12, 2020

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2021.1.142-153

For citation: Kasimova G.K. On the semantic development of the word in modern Russian language. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki, 2021, vol. 163, no. 1, pp. 142–153. doi: 10.26907/2541-7738.2021.1.142-153. (In Russian)

Abstract

In this paper, polysemous nouns motivated by verbs, which have undergone changes in their semantic structure since the late 20th century, were considered. The analysis was carried out using the materials of explanatory dictionaries compared with the functioning of new meanings in the structure of polysemants. The formation of secondary nominations in the semantic paradigm of deverbatives was investigated using the models of word-formation, as well as the semantic and descriptive analysis of lexical units. The results of the study show that new meanings of nouns develop with the help of original values of the motivator and new meanings of verbs that are formed at the present stage mainly in the process of semantic derivation. The original meaning acts as a major source of secondary nominations. It was concluded that the expansion of the semantic paradigm of polysemous nouns follows the active word-formation models. Semantic derivation prevails. The new values belong to different language domains.

Keywords: semantic derivation, syntactic derivation, deverbatives, word semantic structure, semantic paradigm, metaphorical transfer

Figure Captions

Fig. 1. Radial type of polysemy of the deverbal noun otkat (‘recoil’).

Fig. 2. Radial type of polysemy of the deverbal noun obval (‘collapse’).

Fig. 3. Radial type of polysemy of the deverbal noun ottok (‘outflow’).

Fig. 4. Combined type of polysemy of the deverbal noun administrator (‘administrator’).

References

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