Insights into the health effects of acrolein and crotonaldehyde in Russian smokers switching from regular cigarettes to heated tobacco products

L.V. Lopukhov ^a*, A.V. Laikov ^a**, I.I. Salafutdinov ^a***, V.A. Romanova ^a****, V.L. Lopukhov ^a*****,
T.V. Grigoryeva ^a******, L.R. Gaysina ^a*******, J.V. Oslopova ^a********, D.D. Safina ^a*********,
I.H. Valeeva ^b**********, S.R. Abdulkhakov ^{a, b***********}, R.I. Faizullin ^{a************}, A.P. Kiyasov  ^{a*************}

^aKazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia

^bKazan State Medical University, Kazan, 420012 Russia

E-mail:^*leonidlopuhov@rambler.ru, ^**alexander-laikov@yandex.ru, ^***sal.ilnur@gmail.com,
^****avonamora-94@mail.ru, ^*****pinguinowr@gmail.com, ^******tatabio@inbox.ru,
^*******leilag@inbox.ru, ^********oslopovajul@mail.ru, ^*********diliarik@yandex.ru,
^**********valeeva.ildaria@yandex.ru, ^***********sayarabdul@yandex.ru,
^************r460@mail.ru, ^{*************}medbiol@kpfu.ru

Received November 10, 2022; Accepted February 12, 2023

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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DOI: 10.26907/2542-064X.2023.2.190-203

For citation: Lopukhov L.V., Laikov A.V., Salafutdinov I.I., Romanova V.A., Lopukhov V.L., Grigoryeva T.V., Gaysina L.R., Oslopova J.V., Safina D.D., Valeeva I.H., Abdulkhakov S.R., Faizullin R.I., Kiyasov A.P. Insights into the health effects of acrolein and crotonaldehyde in Russian smokers switching from regular cigarettes to heated tobacco products. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki, 2023, vol. 165, no. 2, pp. 190–203. doi: 10.26907/2542-064X.2023.2.190-203. (In Russian)

Abstract

The effects of acrolein and crotonaldehyde on the health of Russian smokers upon switching to heated tobacco product use were analyzed in a five-day randomized clinical trial. The findings suggest that heated tobacco products significantly reduce exposure to these toxicants, with the adverse effects becoming less pronounced in just one day and comparable to complete cessation of smoking. The dynamics of nicotine intake and metabolism in the smokers who switched to heated tobacco products remained stable throughout the study and was similar to that in the group of regular cigarette smokers.

Therefore, our study, which has been performed for the first time among the Russian population, shows that smokers switching to heated tobacco products are less exposed to harmful chemicals like acrolein and crotonaldehyde and thus may be protected against some of the negative health effects often associated with regular cigarettes.

Keywords: heated tobacco products, acrolein, crotonaldehyde, mercapturic acids

Acknowledgements. This study was performed using the equipment of the Interdisciplinary Center of Shared Facilities of Kazan Federal University.

Figure Captions

Fig. 1. Dynamics of the changes in the concentrations of mercapturic acids (HPMA (a) and HMPMA (b)) and trans-hydroxycotinine (c) during the experiment. Mean values of the mercapturic acids and trans-hydroxycotinine concentrations normalized to creatinine (picograms of the substance per microgram of creatinine) and the confidence intervals at P = 0.95 are given.

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