Changes in the structure of the fungal soil community induced by contamination with high oil contents under the laboratory conditions
L.R. Biktasheva*, S.Y. Selivanovskaya**, P.Y. Galitskaya***
Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia
E-mail: *biktasheval@mail.ru, **svetlana.selivanovskaya@kpfu.ru, ***gpolina33@yandex.ru
Received May 21, 2020
DOI: 10.26907/2542-064X.2020.4.573-591
For citation: Biktasheva L.R., Selivanovskaya S.Y., Galitskaya P.Y. Changes in the structure of the fungal soil community induced by contamination with high oil contents under the laboratory conditions. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki, 2020, vol. 162, no. 4, pp. 573–591. doi: 10.26907/2542-064X.2020.4.573-591. (In Russian)
Abstract
Changes in the fungal communities of three oil-contaminated soil samples (D, S, and C) with different contents of organic carbon (0.8%, 1.9%, and 4.5%) were investigated. All samples were contaminated with oil at a concentration of 120 g kg–1 and incubated for 120 days. The addition of oil to the soil induced an approximately two-fold decrease in the abundance of fungi with its subsequent restoration up to the baseline level in samples S and C. In sample D, however, it remained low throughout the experiment. With the help of the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing, it was revealed that the fungal communities of the oil-contaminated samples S and C were least resistant to the oil contamination (the first changes were registered on the third day of incubation) as compared to sample D that suffered the first structural changes on the 30th day of the experiment. After 120 days of the incubation, selective dominance of the following fungi was recorded: sample D – the genus Fusarium (34%) and the family Clavicipitaceae (20%); sample S – the genus Fusarium (82%); sample C – the genera Fusarium (56%) and Mortierella (21%). The results of the NMDS analysis demonstrate that the communities of all oil-contaminated samples were reliably different from the communities of control soils since the 30th day of the experiment. Notably, the differences observed intensified with time.
Keywords: oil-contaminated soils, fungal community, sequencing
Acknowledgments. The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 17-74-20183).
Figure Captions
Fig. 1. Concentration of hydrocarbons.
Fig. 2. Abundance of fungi in soil samples D, S, and C throughout the experiment. Mean values and standard error (SE) of the mean are given.
Fig. 3. Structural dynamics of the fungal communities depending on the fungal type.
Fig. 4. Structural dynamics of the fungal communities depending on the major taxonomic units: a – sample D, b – sample S, c – sample С.
Fig. 5. β-diversity of the fungal communities in the soil samples studied during the experiment.
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