Development of the male generative sphere in Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl. (Oleaceae)
T.N. Kuzmina
Nikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yalta, 298648 Russia
E-mail: tnkuzmina@rambler.ru
Received July 4, 2017
Abstract
To reveal the causes for absence of fruits and seeds in Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl. (Oleaceae) in the Southern Coast of the Crimea, the male generative sphere genesis has been studied and the male gametophyte state during the period of mass blossoming has been determined. The analysis of the permanent preparations of flower buds of J. nudiflorum at different stages of development has demonstrated that the anther wall develops by the centrifugal type. The developed anther wall is formed by epidermis, endothecium, two or three middle layers, and multi-layer tapetum of the secretory type. The sporogenous tissue is represented by two layers of cells. Microsporogenesis is simultaneous. Obliteration of middle layers and tapetum begins at the stage of microsporogenesis. The mature anther of J. nudiflorum contains a three-celled pollen grain and its wall is composed of epidermis covered with cuticle, an irregular two-layered endothecium with fibrous bands.
The cytomorphological analysis of the average samples of J. nudiflorum pollen has shown that the proportion of morphologically normal pollen grains makes about 85% during the period of mass blossoming, thereby indicating the genetic stability of this type and the potential ability of the male gametophyte to fertilize efficiently. At the same time, freezing temperatures during the blossoming period of J. nudiflorum affect severely the state of the male gametophyte. The high proportion of morphologically normal pollen grains in J. nudiflorum excludes in the fertility of a male gametophyte a whole number of potential factors influencing the development of seeds in this sort of flowers and provides the grounds for analysis of its generative sphere peculiarities.
Keywords: Jasminum nudiflorum, Oleaceae, anther, microsporangium, tapetum, endothecium, pollen grain
Figure Captions
Fig. 1. The stages of microsporangium and male gametophyte development in Jasminum nudiflorum: 1, 2 – differentiation of cellular layers of the microsporangium wall; 3 – developed microsporangium wall; 4 – a microsporangium fragment at the stage of meiotic division of microsporocytes; 5 – a microsporangium fragment with tetrads of microspores; 6 – a microsporangium with microspores; 7 – a microsporangium fragment at the stage of vacuolated microspores during differential division; 8 – a fragment of the anther wall with fibrous endothecium and a two-celled pollen grain (gc – generative cell; mc – microspores; mcc – microsporocyte; pg – pollen grain; pt – parietal tissue; spt – sporogenous tissue; ml – middle layer; t – tapetum; tm – tetrads of microspores; e – epidermis; en – endothecium; n vc – vegetative cell nucleus).
Fig. 2. Fragments of the mature anther in J. nudiflorum with pollen grains (1 – bright-field image; 2 – polarized-light image, where fibrous thickenings of the endothecium glow; pg – pollen grains; e – epidermis; en – endothecium).
Fig. 3. The pollen grains of J. nudiflorum.
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For citation: Kuzmina T.N. Development of the male generative sphere in Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl. (Oleaceae). Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki, 2018, vol. 160, no. 3, pp. 436–444. (In Russian)
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