Peripheral dysfunctions in neurodegenerative diseases: Mechanisms and contribution to pathogenesis
M.A. Mukhamedyarov a, E.O. Petukhova a, E.A. Ushanova a,b, D.F. Nurkhametova b, A.V. Leushina a, A. Palotás c, A.L. Zefirov a
a Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, 420012 Russia
b Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia
c Private Medical Practice and Research Center “Asklepios-Med”, Szeged, H-6722 Hungary
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDD) – Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – affect about 10% of the elderly population worldwide, which makes them one of the most important medical and social problems. Numerous literature data confirm that NDD are related not only to CNS dysfunction, but also to dysregulation and pathological changes in peripheral tissues (neuromuscular synapses, skeletal, and cardiac muscles). These peripheral disorders may be important in the NDD pathogenesis by contributing to the pathological processes that directly lead to disability and death of patients (atrophy and paralysis of skeletal muscle, myocardial infarction, etc.). Notably, the pathology of neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems in NDD is currently underestimated und insufficiently studied, but it is not merely a “reflection” of degenerative changes in the nervous system, being rather a separate aspect of the pathogenesis of NDD. Several studies showed that peripheral dysfunctions in NDD can be either primary and/or reinforce degeneration in CNS, which further increases their importance in the development of the disease. In this paper, we reviewed the available literature data on the peripheral dysfunctions in NDD and their contribution to NDD pathogenesis.
Keywords: neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, neuromuscular system, peripheral dysfunction
Acknowledgements. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) (project no. 17-04-02175), joint grant of the RFBR and the Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan Republic (project no. 18-415-160016), scholarship of the President of the Russian Federation for young researchers and scientists (no. SP-255.2016.4), grant of the President of the Russian Federation for the support of young doctors of science (project no. MD-6877.2018.4). The part of study regarding the dysfunction of neuromuscular synapses in neurodegenerative disorders (section “Dysfunction of Neuromuscular Synapses in Neurodegenerative Disorders”) was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 14-15-00847).
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Received
July 27, 2018
Mukhamedyarov Marat Alexandrovich, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Department of Physiology
Kazan State Medical University
ul. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, 420012 Russia
E-mail: maratm80@list.ru
Petukhova Elena Olegovna, Researcher of Institute of Neuroscience
Kazan State Medical University
ul. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, 420012 Russia
Ushanova Elmira Asgatovna, Junior Researcher of Institute of Neuroscience, PhD Student of Department of Human Health Protection
Kazan State Medical University
ul. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, 420012 Russia
Kazan Federal University
ul. Kremlevskaya, 18, Kazan, 420008 Russia
Nurkhametova Dilyara Farkhadovna, Junior Researcher of OpenLab Laboratory of Neurobiology
Kazan Federal University
ul. Kremlevskaya, 18, Kazan, 420008 Russia
Leushina Alina Vladimirovna, Junior Researcher of Institute of Neuroscience
Kazan State Medical University
ul. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, 420012 Russia
Palotás Andras, PhD, Director
Private Medical Practice and Research Center “Asklepios-Med”
Kossuth Lajos sgt. 23, Szeged, H-6722 Hungary
Zefirov Andrey Lvovich, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of Department of Physiology
Kazan State Medical University
ul. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, 420012 Russia
For citation: Mukhamedyarov M.A., Petukhova E.O., Ushanova E.A., Nurkhametova D.F., Leushina A.V., Palotás A., Zefirov A.L. Peripheral dysfunctions in neurodegenerative diseases: Mechanisms and contribution to pathogenesis. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki, 2018, vol. 160, no. 4, pp. 663–676.
Для цитирования: Mukhamedyarov M.A., Petukhova E.O., Ushanova E.A., Nurkhametova D.F., Leushina A.V., Palotás A., Zefirov A.L. Peripheral dysfunctions in neurodegenerative diseases: Mechanisms and contribution to pathogenesis // Учен. зап. Казан. ун-та. Сер. Естеств. науки. – 2018. – Т. 160, кн. 4. – С. 663–676.
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