It is under this name that the IX International Korchakov Conference is held, which discusses the main trends, challenges and prospects for the development and upbringing of children in the context of the humanistic ideas of Janusz Korczak. The conference is attended by IPO professor, President of the Russian society Janusz Korczak R.A. Valeev, associate professors IPO G.G. Parfilova, L.A. Rybakova, Associate Professor, IUEF L.A. Latypova. At the opening ceremony, guests and participants of the conference from 12 countries were welcomed by Vice President of Tel Aviv University, Professor Ranan Rein, Ambassador of the Republic of Poland to Israel Marek Magerowski, Director of the Korchakov Education Center Yael Barlev, Judge of the Juvenile Court Savion Rottlevi, Head of the Department for the Protection of Children's Rights Israeli Ministry of Education Tova Benari, Director, Tel Aviv University Korchak Forum, Dr. Aviv Livnat. A keynote address on protecting the rights of children in a turbulent world was made by a member of the UN Committee on Children's Rights, Professor Philip Jaffe. He highlighted the history of the struggle for children's rights in the world over the past century. He paid special attention to the issue of relationships and mutual understanding of children and adults in a changing world. Over the 30 years since the adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, mortality of children under 5 years old has decreased by 60%. This is one example of progress in protecting children. But all over the world, millions of children live in poverty, do not go to school, and are subjected to violence. Existing problems are exacerbated by new conflicts and the emigration crisis. That is why it is important to continue work in the context of the Convention to ensure the right of children to education, a decent standard of living, as well as their protection from all forms of violence and discrimination. In his report, Professor R.A. Valeeva touched on the relationship of pedagogical ideas of Janusz Korczak about the rights of the child with the humanistic pedagogical thought of Russia. She conducted a comparative analysis of the Korchakovo concept of childhood with the interpretations of Leo Tolstoy about the child as the main value of education. R.A. Valeeva also emphasized that the first author of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child in the World was the Russian teacher K.N. Wenzel. Of particular interest to the section participants were the ideas and activities of S.T. Shatsky and P.P. Blonsky, who stood at the origins of the humanistic pedagogy of Russia in the post-October period. In the report of associate professor L.A. Rybakova presented the experience of the Kazan Youth Korchakov Society "Sun to Children" in working with orphans and children at risk. The activities of this Society began in 1993. The main areas of activity are: introducing and promoting the ideas of Janusz Korczak through participation in various seminars, conferences and practical activities in orphanages, shelters and rehabilitation centers of Kazan. At numerous sections of the conference, the same issues were discussed: the rights of children with special needs, the rights of children to participate in the social and public life of the country, the implementation of the social and cultural rights of children, the civic education of children and youth, etc. The conference continues. The last day of the conference will be held at the Korchakov educational center in the youth village of Hadasa Neurim.