Family prayer as a tool for consolidating Abkhazian family unions

R.Sh. Zelnitskaya (Shlarba)

Russian Museum of Ethnography, St. Petersburg, 191011 Russia

E-mail: riza81@yandex.ru

Received April 3, 2018

Full text PDF

Abstract

The paper deals with family prayers typical for the Abkhazian society – three family prayers from different historical regions of Abkhazia were studied: Amparians’ prayer (the Bzyb Abkhazia), Aibaians’ prayer (the Bzyb Abkhazia), and supplication Zhapuans’ Jakhashkiar-nykha (Abzhua Abkhazia). The relevance of the research is determined by the need to study the traditional institutions and rituals in the changing Abkhazian society, because they are still the important elements of social life. Despite the fact that some Abkhazians are Christians and others are adherents of Islam, for each of them national beliefs are important. In the minds of Abkhazians, an essential part of the people’s religion is sacred places where prayers are held, sacrifices are made, and oaths are taken. Family prayers are performed by most family unions, especially by the former representatives of the highest estate and free community members. In the modern Abkhazian society, family prayers support solidarity and ethnic identity within the family, as well as the informal social status of a particular family union. The performance of a family prayer itself is an important consolidating tool for all members of a particular family union and contributes to the maintenance of ties between its members.

Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that Abkhazians are aware of the danger of complete disunity, which is why they seek to preserve the traditional rituals and practices to avoid it. The findings may be of particular interest to ethnologists and sociologists engaged in the study of moder­nizing societies.

Keywords: Abkhazians, family prayer, consolidation, family union, social status, sacred places

References

  1. Inal-ipa Sh.D. Antroponimiya abkhazov [Anthroponomy of the Abkhaz People]. Maikop, GURIPP “Adigeya”, 2002. 384 p. (In Russian)
  2. Serebryakov L.M. The road from Sukhumi to Kuban through the main Caucasian ridge. Morskoi Sbornik, 1865, vol. 78, no. 6, pp. 1–97. (In Russian)
  3. Sokolova A.N. Sacred places of the Abkhazians and Adyghes as an object of scientific study. Vestnik Ady’geiskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Seriya 1. Regionovedenie: Filosofiya, Istoriya, Sotsiologiya, Yurisprudenciya, Politologiya, Kul’turologiya, 2013, no. 3, pp. 257–261. (In Russian)
  4. Inal-ipa Sh.D. Voprosy etnokul’turnoi istorii abkhazov [Issues of Ethnic and Cultural History of Abkhazians]. Sukhumi, Alachara, 1976. 436 p. (In Russian)
  5. Chursin G.F. Materialy po etnografii Abkhazii [Materials on Ethnography of Abkhazia]. Sukhumi, Abkhaz. Gos. Izd., 1957. 264 p. (In Russian)
  6. Khotko B.S. Modern sacred groves and sacred trees of Abkhazians: On the issue of traditional and innovative. Vtorichnye formy traditsionnoi narodnoi kul’tury: Materialy nauch.-prakt. konf. [Secondary Forms of Traditional Folk Culture: Proc. Sci.-Pract. Conf.]. Krasnodar, Traditsiya, 2010, pp. 75–82. (In Russian)
  7. Kulova M.L. On the issue of traditional pagan religion of Abkhazians in modern Abkhazia. Izvestiya Rossiiskogo Gosudarstvennogo Pedagogicheskogo Universiteta im. A.I. Gertsena, 2008, no. 29, pp. 177–180. (In Russian)
  8. Krylov A.B. The religion of the modern Abkhazians: A relic of urmonotheismus. Available at: http://abkhazia.narod.ru/religion.htm/. (In Russian)
  9. Bartsyts R.M. Abkhazskii religioznyi sinkretizm v kul’tovykh kompleksakh i sovremennoi obryadovoi praktike [Abkhazian Religious Syncretism in Religious Complexes and Modern Ritual Practice]. Moscow, Izd. RGTEU, 2009. 168 p. (In Russian)
  10. Agababyan A.G. Family prayer of the AGS in Bzyb Abkhazia. Etnograficheskoe Obozrenie, 2015, no. 3, pp. 78–79.
  11. Botyakov Yu.M., Dzhopua A.I. Family festival at the sanctuary of Dagascar-nykha in modern Abkhazia. Lavrovskii sb.: Materialy XXXIII Sredneaziatsko-Kavkazskikh chtenii 2008–2009 gg.: etnologiya, istoriya, arkheologiya, kul’turologiya [Lavrov Collection of Papers: Proc. XXXIII Central Asian-Caucasian Lectures of 2008–2009: Ethnology, History, Archaeology, Cultural Studies]. St. Petersburg, MAE RAN, 2009, pp. 82–87. (In Russian)

 

For citation: Zelnitskaya (Shlarba) R.Sh. Family prayer as a tool for consolidating Abkhazian family unions. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki, 2018, vol. 160, no. 6, pp. 1499–1507. (In Russian)

 

The content is available under the license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.