A.V. Nerovnyi

“Fontanka, 15” Academic College, Russian Christian Academy for Humanities, St. Petersburg, 191023 Russia

E-mail: art830@yandex.ru

Received February 6, 2017

Full text PDF

Abstract

The analysis of the foreign historiography of Canadian troops' participation in the Allied Intervention to the North of Russia in 1918–1919 (also known as the Northern Russian Expedition, North Russia Intervention, etc.) has been performed in the paper. During the period of the Civil War and the Allied Intervention, Russia became a theater of military operations on the world scale. The vast territories were divided into a lot of fronts and zones of influence by the rival coalitions. Despite the fact that the main opposing forces in this war were the Red Army and the White Movement, other states also played an important political and military role in these events. The most active actors of the Allied Intervention are considered to be the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Under the conditions of the continuing World War, both of the powers contributed to the campaign, which spread at the territory of the former Russian Empire, a huge military contingent, a lot of weapons, ammunition and supplies, as well as significant amounts of money. However, the contribution of other participants in these events is overlooked by researchers. In addition to the British and Americans, the Allied Intervention was joined by French, Italian, Serbian, and Japanese contingents and other nations. It is noteworthy that the United Kingdom mobilized the units of its dominions (Canada, Australia and New Zealand) and colonies (India) for the military operation.

Keywords: North Russia Intervention of 1918–1919, North Russian expeditionary force, North Russia relief force, military history of Canada

References

  1. Mints I.I. English Intervention and Northern Counterrevolution. Leningrad, Gos. Sots.-Ekonom. Izd., 1931. 255 p. (In Russian)
  2. Boyarskii V.A. The Invasion of US Imperialists in the Soviet Russia and Its Failure. Moscow, Vyssh. Shk., 1961. 173 p. (In Russian)
  3. Gulyga A.V. The USA as an Organizer and Active Participant of the Anti-Soviet Intervention in 1918–1920: A Trans­cript of the Lecture. Moscow, Znanie, 1952. 32 p. (In Russian)
  4. Sutherland J.B. How Canadians fought the Bolsheviki in North Russia. Toronto Star Weekly, 1919. July 12, 19, 26, 2. Aug. 9.
  5. Smele J.D. The Russian Revolution and Civil War, 1917–1921: An Annotated Bibliography. London, New York, Continuum, 2003. 625 p.
  6. Dickinson C.C. With coastal motor boats in North Russia, 1919. Canadian Defence Quarterly, 1929, vol. 6, pp. 479–504.
  7. Dickinson C.C. With coastal motor boats in North Russia, 1919. The Naval Review, 1928, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 479–504.
  8. Smith G. Canada and the Siberian Intervention, 1918–1919. American Historical Review, 1959, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 866–877.
  9. Bell J.M. Sidelights on the Siberian Campaign. Toronto, Ryerson Press, 1922. 298 p.
  10. Murray W.W. Canadians in Dunsterforce. Canadian Defence Quarterly, 1931, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 209–218, no. 3, pp. 377–386, no. 4, pp. 487–497.
  11. N.R.E.F., 16th Brigade C.F.A., 67th and 68th Batteries in North Russia, September 1918 to June 1919. Toronto, Bryant Press, 1920. 56 p.
  12. Canada in the Great World War: An Authentic Account of the Military History of Canada from the Earliest Days to the Close of the War of the Nations. Vol. 6. Toronto, U. Publ. Can., 1921, 506 p.
  13. Nerovnyi A.V. The issue of establishing the exact number of Canadian troops, who took part in the North Russia intervention 1918–1919. Vestnik Gumanitarnogo Fakul'teta Sankt-Peterburgskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Telekommunikatsii imeni Professora M.A. Bonch-Bruevicha, 2016, no. 8, pp. 111–116. (In Russian)
  14. The Soviet Military Encyclopedia. Grechko A.A. (Ed.). Vol. 8. Moscow, Voenizdat, 1976. 687 p. (In Russian)
  15. Hyde W.C. With Canadian guns in North Russia. McGill News, 1933, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 37–47.
  16. Wood H.F. Adventure in North Russia. Canadian Army Journal, 1957, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 112–124.
  17. MacLaren R. Canadians in Russia, 1918–1919. Toronto, Macmillan Can., 1976. 301 p.
  18. Beattie S. Canadian Intervention in Russia, 1918–1919. Montreal, McGill Univ., 1957. 420 p.
  19. Strakhovsky L.I. The Canadian artillery brigade in North Russia, 1918–1919. Canadian Historical Review, 1958, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 125–146.
  20. Strakhovsky L.I. The Origins of American Intervention in North Russia, 1918. Princeton, Princeton Univ. Press, 1937. 140 p.
  21. Strakhovsky L.I. Intervention at Archangel: The Story of Allied Intervention and Russian Counter-Revolution in North Russia, 1918–1920. Princeton, Princeton Univ. Press, 1944. 336 p.
  22. Nicholson G.W.L. Official History of the Canadian Army in the First World War: Canadian Expeditionary Force, 1914–1919. Ottawa, R. Duhamel, Queen's Printer, 1962. 621 p.
  23. Nicholson G.W.L. Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. Vol. II: The Canadians in Italy, 1943–1945. Ottawa, Queen's Printer, 1956. 876 p.
  24. Nicholson G.W.L. The Fighting Newfoundlander: A History of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment. London, Edinburgh, Thomas Nelson, 1964. 614 p.
  25. Swettenham J. Allied Intervention in Russia 1918–1919 and the Part Played by Canada. – Toronto, Ryerson Press, 1967. 315 p.
  26. Swettenham J. Canada and the First World War. Toronto, Ryerson Press, 1969. 160 p.
  27. Swettenham J. Valiant Men: Canada's Victoria Cross and George Cross Winners. Toronto, Hakkert, 1973. 234 p.
  28. Report No 82. “Operations in Northern Russia, 1918–1919”. Historical Section (G. S.) Army Headquarters. Ottawa, 1959. 15 p.
  29. Baron N. Karelian King. The Colonel F.J. Woods and British Intervention to the North of Russia in 1918–1919: History and Memoirs. St. Petersburg, Izd. Evrop. Univ. v Spb., 2013. 346 p. (In Russian)
  30. MacLaren R. Canadians behind Enemy Lines 1939–1945. Vancouver, London, Univ. B. C. Press, 1983. 352 p.
  31. MacLaren R. Commissions High: Canada in London, 1870–1971. Montreal, McGill-Queen's Univ. Press, 2006. 567 p.
  32. Shrive F.J. The Diary of a P.B.O. (Poor Bloody Observer). Boston, Boston Mills Press, 1981. 88 p.
  33. Nerovnyi A.V. Foreign historiography of Australian troops participation in the North Russia intervention in 1918–1919. Klio, 2016, no. 5, pp. 29–34. (In Russian)


For citation: Nerovnyi A.V. Foreign historiography of Canadian troops' participation in the North Russia Intervention of 1918–1919. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki, 2017, vol. 159, no. 4, pp. 1004–1018. (In Russian)

The content is available under the license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.